Part Ⅰ 1. Loneliness is most acutely for with others, even with a lover sometimes, we suffer from our differences of taste, temperament and mood. Human intercourse often demands that we soften the edge of perception. That is to say, it asks that we withdraw at the very instant of personal truth for fear of being inappropriately present in a social situation. Alone we can afford to be wholly whatever we are, and to feel whatever we feel absolutely. (a) perceived alone (b) felt with other people (c) treasured greedily (d) endured stoically 2. For the uninitiated, the "white hat" nomenclature confused many when they first heard of it. White hat is a fairly common term for people who hack legitimately - security staff, researchers and so on. By contrast, black hats . Basically, white hats are the good guys; black hats are the bad guys. I fact these terms come from the early Hollywood made Westerns. Because the movies were filmed in black and white, the chase scenes tended to get a bit confusing, until someone decided to give the good guys white hats and the bad guys black hats. (a) invade systems for big business (b) have no interest in security and research (c) do research with white hat approval (d) hack maliciously 3. Sanskrit is Indo-Aryan language, and a classical language of India. Today, it is the official language of the country of India. Contrary to many beliefs, as its writing and reading aspects are currently still taught I in schools and in household across the country. According to recent reports, it is being revived as a vernacular in the village of Mathoor, Karnataka. Sanskrit is mostly used as a ceremonial language in Hindu religious rituals. (a) it has become an extinct language (b) it has forms of hynms and mantras (c) it is the most archaic language ever (d) it is not a dead language 4. Dear Creditor,I wish to which you have handled your business relationship with me. I have been a model customer for the past five years. Yet you have begun to treat me like a deadbeat just because I've been late in paying my bill the last two months. I've recently lost my job, but I'll be starting a new one next month. Nevertheless, you have embarrassed me greatly by calling my wife about my account and revealing my state of unemployment to her. As someone who has always done his best to honor the terms of our contract, I feel you should have been much more understanding and should also not have sent bill collectors to my home. Sincerely, Ethan Benedict (a) critically evaluate (b) promote the methods with (c) protest the way (d) rebel against the practice of 5. When archaeologists study ancient societies and peoples, they are reluctant to look for signs of warfare and conflict. Take for instance 5,000 year old Otzi, the Ice Man discovered in the alps in 1991. In the beginning, anthropologists said that he must have been a shepherd and had fallen asleep frozen to death in a snowstorm. . He carried a copper battle axe good for chopping people, not trees. The knife he had been carrying was stained with the blood from four different individuals. (a) The archaeologists biases were proven to be true (b) Warfare was almost totally unknown by Otzi's people (c) In fact, Otzi really was just a peaceful farmer (d) The truth is much more graphic 6. The astronomers who claim to have discovered the 10th planet named Xena in the solar system have another intriguing announcement: It has a moon. The moon's discovery is important because it can help scientists determine the new planet's mass. By determining the moon's distance and orbit around Xena, scientists can calculate how heavy Xena is. For example , the faster a moon goes around a planet, the more massive the planet is. Scientists believe Xena's moon was formed when Kuiper Belt objects collided with one another. The Earth's moon formed in a similar way when Earth the size of Mars. (a) incinerated a target (b) vandalized a proto-planet (c) crashed into an object (d) desecrated another planet 7. I was laid off a while ago and have been hard at work trying to find a job. I've answered tons of want ads, networked my tail off, and have approached every company in the area in my industry. I've learned on thing from job-hunting; that . Would it kill them to have a form letter to send out confirming that they've received my application? Even a short phone call or a brief e-mail saying that they've hired someone else for the position? Come on, you corporate snobs. Folks take the time to apply for your positions; the least you can do is let them know where they stand. (a) firms at these times are uninformed, practicing ignorant manners (b) business nowadays are slippery, constantly litigious (c) companies these days are cruel, seeming nearly omnipotent (d) corporations today are rude, bordering on obnoxious 8. The history of contemporary music competitions dates back to the contest between composers and pianists, organized on the initiative of a famous Russian composer, pianist and conductor Anton Rubinstein in 1890. Rubinstein managed to meet the demands of the time and correctly realized the importance of such events, on which lay the foundations of young musicians' careers. Thus, under Rubinstein's stimulus, the P.I. Tchaikovshy international contest, established by the Soviet government in 1958, became one of the most outstanding events on the music arena and the . (a) discoverer of young talents (b) decimator of gifted musician's careers (c) authenticator of musical incapacity (d) suppressor of true genius 9. Americans randomly assigned to the "fear conditions" perceived greater risks from terrorism, while those in the "anger condition" perceived less risks. Fear inducing news articles increased perceptions of being hurt in a terrorist attack, while anger inducing stories reduced perceptions of personal risk. Regardless of experimental conditions or natural situations, . (a) greater anger led to greater optimism (b) greater fear led to greater courage (c) greater anger led to greater pessimism (d) greater fear led to greater perceptions 10. Lung Fibrosis, also known as Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, of the lung tissue. This disease is caused by the reaction of the body to foreign elements. The Alveoli air sacs become inflamed and develop roughly healed areas on the lung tissue in an attempt to repair itself. Alveoli help the lungs breathe and release carbon dioxide. When the air sacs are deformed and damaged, the lung tissue is gradually replaced by fibrous tissue, which prevents the alveoli sacs from inhaling oxygen. The lung tissues harden causing shortness of breath, chronic dry cough, and discomfort in the chest. (a) results in the scarring (b) is associated with tearing (c) stops the bleeding (d) ends with the rupturing 11. Research does not support a strong link between exposure to persuasive communication and behavior. The use of animated spokes-characters in advertising to young children is a strategic communication tactic frequently examined, debated, and criticized by parents, researchers, child advocates and government officials. Although public opinion suggests that spokes-characters influence young children's product desires, academic research has generally failed . Although characters' action and voice may influence a young child's attention to an ad. the relation between spokes-characters and a child's preference, intention, and choice of a product is uncertain. (a) to compensate for this drawback (b) to demonstrate this effect (c) to authenticate this fact (d) to affect this outcome 12. Let's suppose that you have a job offer here in Memphis that pays $35,000 per year. You're not really sure that you want to stay in memphis and you know salaries are higher in other cities. But how do these ? Will that higher salary in Boston, or New York, or Chicago actually be higher than what you could earn in Memphis? Money magazine's web site has a "Salary Comparator" that lets you see how things stack up. For example, in 2001, to equal the Memphis $35,000 salary, you'd have to make $63,000 in Chicago; in Boston, you'd have to make $69,000; and in New York City you'd have to make a whopping $104,000. (a) salaries really stack up (b) incomes amount to anything (c) pay scales work correctly (d) places of business look like 13. Edith Wharton wrote prolifically and often about class difficulties. She was so fond of writing that she did much of it in bed, and reputedly threw an ugly tantrum when the light in a hotel room she was occupying did not shine on it. Ethan Frome, a brief tale of hardship and romance on a farm in New England, received positive critical attention upon its publication in 1911 and it remains one of her most famous works. The most well-known, though, is The Age of Innocence written in 1920. This novel is another sad tale of that constrain individual will. (a) failed romance and the shackles of society (b) a distorted human soul pestered by poverty (c) suffering from adversities in generation gaps (d) human endeavor to conquer the nature 14. Sustainable tourism is about preserving popular destinations, the environment and its resources. Hotels should be designed according to sustainable principles. Businesses are increasingly realizing that a more sustainable approach means a longer-term business proposition. It is now clear that the impact of last year's tsunami was .The clearance of mangrove forests, removal of wetlands and mining of coral reefs all reduced natural flood defenses, making the destruction far worse than it otherwise would have been. A more sustainable approach to development could have saved many lives and meant that the tourism industry would still be in place in tsunami-hit regions. (a) exacerbated by irresponsible man-made development (b) impassioned by the suffering of the people (c) infuriated by the slow response of the international community (d) exasperated by the governments poor performance 15. The Puritans were not susceptible to the charms of poetry. The strenuous life of the pioneer left little time for cultivating any of the arts, and the spirit of New England was too serious and too sterns to permit indulgence in what was merely pleasant or beautiful. That the Puritans were not without imagination, , is abundantly proved by the forceful figures and impassioned rhetoric of the prose writers. (a) however (b) for example (c) therefore (d) in other words 16. rising carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is threatening to make oceans too corrosive for marine organism to grow protective shells, according to researchers. If emissions continue unabated, the entire Southern Ocean, which stretches north from the Antarctic coastline and subarctic regionsof the Pacific Ocean will soon become so acidic that the shells of marine creatures will soften and dissolve making them easy targets for predators. Others will not be able to grow sufficient shell to survive. , the loss of shelled creatures at the lower end of the food chain could have disastrous consequences for larger marine animals. North Pacific salmon, mackerel, herring, cod and baleen whales all feed on pteropods, one of the species under imminent threat. (a) Therefore (b) Instead (c) Meanwhile (d) Moreover Part Ⅱ 17. Queensland can give international visitors an Aussie experience not easily forgotten, Organized tours take in outback highlights to make it easy for you to explore national icons such as the Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame, School of the Air, Australian Workers Heritage Centre and remote areas such as the Riversleigh Fossil Fields and Lawn Hill Gorge National Park. Say in comfort at motels, look at the stars camping or hire a camper van, 4WD or moto home. Enjoy a unique Aboriginal experience by taking a guided safari, visiting a cultural festival or staying in a remote wilderness lodge. You'll get a real Australian experience in Queensland. Q : What is the main idea of the passage? (a) Australia is a place that is not easily forgotten. (b) There are many places to stay in Queensland. (c) Organized tours are the best way to see Australia. (d) Visitors will have an authentic Australian experience. 18. Dear Mr. Jake Handerson,We are truly sorry about our accounting mistakes and thank you for your speedy response. As you requested, we are acknowledging in writing the payment made on the sum outstanding. We thank you for your remittance of $536.60. Once more our sincere apologies for any inconvenience we may have caused. We look forward to doing further business with you in the future.Yours sincerely,Sam MartinezAccounts Department Q : What is the purpose of the letter? (a) To apologize to Mr. Handerson for the late reply (b) To notify Mr. Handerson of accounting mistakes (c) To ask Mr. Handerson for an expedited answer. (d) To confirm Mr. Handerson's remittance of %536.60. 19. An accidental discovery has taken LED lighting to a new level, suggesting it could soon offer a cheaper, longer-lasting alternative to the traditional light bulb. Michael Bowers, a graduate student at Vanderbilt University, was just trying to make really small quantum dots, which are crystals generally only a few nanometers big. When a light is shined on quantum dots or electricity applied to them, they react by producing their own light, normally a bright, vibrant color. But when Bowers shined a laser on his batch of dots, something unexpected happened. The quantum dots were supposed to emit blue light, but instead they were giving off a beautiful white glow. Q : What is the main topic in this passage? (a) A lighting revolution may be coming (b) Quantum dots give off a beautiful white glow. (c) LEDs will soon replace light bulbs. (d) Everyone will soon need their own laser. 20. You may want to think twice about printing. Many color laser printers mark the pages they produce with mysterious tiny yellow dots that can reveal information about you and your computer. The dots contain information about the date and time that a page was made, as well as the serial number of the printer used. These are encoded in a simple grid, in which the eight rows represent different values that are added up to reveal 5 kinds of information held in 15 columns. The final column, which is often blank, codes for something that is still a mystery. The information is probably used in police inquiries about counterfeiting to track down the source of printed documents in crime cases. Q : What is the best title for this paragraph? (a) Getting Copier Criminals to Document Themselves (b) Dangerous Yellow Dots (c) What Every Counterfeiter Should Know (d) Your Laser Printer's Secret Codes 21. Nautiflexus equipment is designed by people who understand exercise science, proper biomechanics and strength training techniques. At Nautiflexus, expertise in the science of human performance goes into every piece of equipment. Our machines are designed for stability and comfort and to provide the physical support you need to exercise with proper form. Our name has become synonymous with ultimate performance, optimum results, and maximum durability. If you need help choosing a Nautiflexus Solution, call our "Request A Quote" hotline at 1-800-888-7887. We will help you make the best purchase decision to meet your personal fitness and lifestyle goals. Q : What is the main purpose of this advertisement? (a) To get people to trust Nautiflexus (b) To encourage people to call the Request A quote hotline (c) To introduce Nautiflexus exercise equipment (d) To help the readers reach their exercise goals 22. Admiral Horatio Nelson and his victory at Trafalgar provide not only a fine example of naval tactics, but also a snapshot of the social, political, economic and military character of Britain. Nelson was a brilliant leader because his men sensed his genuine affection. He remains the leading example of the commander who commands by love. He was charming beyond belief, creating in everyone a feeling that he was looking after them. Trafalgar also settled the course of world politics, establishing Britain's command of the ocean and laying the foundations for the Victorian British Empire. Q : What is this main passage mainly about? (a) Horatio Nelson's excellent naval tactics at Trafalgar (b) The importance of Trafalgar in the rise of the British Empire (c) Why love is important in the pursuit of military victory (d) How Admiral nelson and Trafalgar reveal Britain's character 23. Listen fear, which goes by the technical name receiver apprehension, is a relatively new research area in communication. It is defined as the fear of misinterpreting, inadequately processing and not being able to adjust psychologically to messages sent by others. A research team has connected it with motivation, evaluation, and message complexity. We are apt to experience listener apprehension when we perceiver that a message will be vital to our lives, when we expect to be judged on how well we respond to it, and when it challenges our ability to understand things. Q : Which of the following is correct about the passage? (a) Listener fear and receiver apprehension are actually quite different. (b) Listener fear, and motivation, evaluation, and message complexity are related. (c) Being judged by others is a natural response to listener fear. (d) Vital messages cause listener fear which cannot be overcome. 24. virtually every wagon train on the emigrant trails in the 1860s suffered tragedy. Dramatic tragedies with large numbers of lost lives, while few, occurred because leaders planned poorly or failed to follow the advice of those who knew better. The tragedy the emigrants most feared was an Indian attack. In the beginning, most emigrants had only favorable encounters with the native peoples. But as time passed and the number of emigrants increased, the emigrants could no longer expect peaceful relations because they were increasingly responsible for destroying the Indians' way of life. Q : Which of the following is correct according to the passage? (a) Most wagon trains in the early 1860s experienced few problems with Indians. (b) Dramatic tragedies happened often and resulted from poor planning. (c) Indian attacks were common during the entire era of wagon train travel. (d) The smallest tragedy was the destruction of the Indian way of life. 25. Experts say a ceiling fan can save up to 40 percent on your summer cooling costs and up to 10 percent during the winter heating season. In summer, ceiling fans cool the room by creating a "wind chill effect." For example, if you had a ceiling fan in a room that was 85 degrees, the fan would make the room feel like 78 degrees. During colder weather, by using the 'reverse' setting, the ceiling fan saves energy by circulating hot air that rises to the ceiling and blowing it back down into the room. Q : During cold weather, how is warm air circulation improved? (a) By leaving the fan off (b) By utilizing the wind chill effect (c) By making sure it has an Energy Star Label (d) By setting the fan on reverse 26. Teesport owner PD Ports presented plans that could create 7,000 jobs in the region. PD wants to build a new deep-sea container terminal on Teesside that would bring goods directly to the North from the Far East. If that happens, it can reduce road congestion in the South and revitalize the economy of the Tees Valley. But Felixstowe, Harwich, and Thamesport, have already submitted applications to the government, which said it was ready to aprove Thamesport and would make a decision about the others soon. If all three are approved, Teesport's plans become unviable because the port capacity shortage in the UK will have been met. Q : What can be inferred from the passage? (a) Teesport has not developed a good enough plan to get a port. (b) Teesport plans will not be approved by the government (c) Teesport has the best plan and it will create 7,000 jobs. (d) Teesport has stiff competition in the port selection process. 27. Anna Sewell wrote only one book - the famous and enduringly popular Black Beauty. She lived as an invalid for most of her existence, and Black Beauty - the tale of a mistreated horse with a happy ending - was written entirely in the last decade of her life when she was confined to her house. The story came from the horse's mouth, literally, as the horse spoke of extremes of joy and suffering. It was perhaps this humanizing of the beast that made it such a success. Q : Which is true about Anna Sewell according to the passage? (a) Her disability prevented her from enjoying her life. (b) Her book used to be very famous and popular. (c) She was too weak and vulnerable to write any book. (d) She became renowned through her book Black Beauty. 28. Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn't been born yet. That's because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created first. Another factor is that physics is a much different field today. Moreover the theoreticians intellectually able to spar with Einstein are few, though there are thousands more physicists today. One crucial aspect of Einstein's training that is overlooked were the years of philosophy he read as a teenager that taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time. Q : Which of the following is correct according to the passage? (a) The next Einstein will have to create new math in order to become famous. (b) Physicists are too narrowly focused to be able to solve Einstein type problems. (c) Years of training in philosophy are required in order to be the next Friday. (d) A combination of factors militates against the creation of the next Einstein. 29. A yo-yo, a kayak, and your school lunch tray can all be made from recycled plastics. recycling begin, when people put used bottles, jugs, and containers in a bin for collection. Hauled to a recycling facility, the plastic is sorted and each type of plastic is squished into a huge bale weighing from 500 kilograms and containing 6,400 to 7,200 soda bottles. At the reclaimers, machines shred the plastic into tiny flakes, wash, rinse, and dry it. Then the flakes are melted and put through a machine called an extruder, which squishes the plastic into spaghetti-like strands. These plastic strands are chopped into pellets which are bought by manufacturers to make new products. Q : Which of the following is correct about from the passage? (a) Anything can be made from recycled plastics such as bottles and containers. (b) Recycling begins when plastic bottles, and containers are thrown away. (c) All types of plastic are mixed together to make the spaghetti-like strands. (d) Half a metric ton of plastic holds 6,400 to 7,200 soda bottles. 30. It had been believed potatoes had a much wider region of origin, stretching from Peru to northern Argentina. But U.S. scientists have found that all modern varieties of potatoes can be traced back to a single source - a spud grown in Peru over 7,000 years ago. The team, eld by Dr. David Spooner of the University of Wisconsin, analyzed the DNA of about 360 potatoes, both wild and cultivated. Potatoes were brought back to Spain by the conquistadors around 1570, and then spread throughout Europe. They were later introduced in North America by British colonist. Q : What can be inferred from the passage? (a) Potatoes have been eaten and enjoyed for thousands of years around the world. (b) Peruvian spuds have become popular because they age well. (c) Even though the Spanish didn't like potatoes, they brought them back to Europe. (d) Before genetic testing, no one knew that the mother of all spuds would be found in Peru. 31. Children may have an inborn intuition about math that could be used to make learning the real thing in school less painful. Ask a five-year old child whether the sum of 13 and 17 is greater or less than 50 and chances are you'll just get a funny look. But the same problem could be presented as a visual problem which children could solve easily. Past studies performed on infants and non-human primates suggest that these inborn abilities are present even before the age of five. While mathematical intuitions have been demonstrated before, the surprising result of this study is that the children could tap into these abilities to solve the types of arithmetic problems they might encounter in school. Q : Which of the following is correct according to the passage? (a) Primates and young children have no need to learn math. (b) Learning math is necessarily painful for all young school children. (c) Children can perform some math operations without formal training. (d) Visual problems are clearly the best method for teaching children. 32. Boiling water when preparing infant formula was universally recommended and was then thought to be unnecessary. However, in 1993, an outbreak of cyclosporiasis from contaminated water in Milwaukee prompted officials to again recommend that water be boiled when preparing infant formula. The American Academy of Pediatrics also recommends that water to be used for infant formula be boiled. If you don't want to boil the water first, you could use 'sterile' bottled water instead. Bottled water that isn't marked 'sterile' should probably still be boiled. Q : What causes officials to advise parents to boil water when fixing infant formula? (a) A scandal prompted by the officials in Milwaukee (b) An epidemic caused by dirty and polluted water (c) A commotion triggered by the pediatrics (d) An aggravating situation provoked by sterilization. 33. The common Ground Program feeds the body and the spirit of low-income Los Lobos county residents by helping them supplement their diets with fresh produce while enhancing the sense of purpose and pride that comes from self-sufficiency. It assists residents in gardening, composting, and safely handling and preserving their garden-grown food. 60 community gardens scattered throughout the county provide fresh, healthful produce to low-income residents who otherwise might be challenged by cost and transportation to add fresh fruits and vegetables to their diets on a regular basis. The gardens also have been used to train new gardeners for jobs in Los Lobos's $171 million green industry. Q : What is true in this article? (a) The Common Ground Programs tries to reconcile low income people. (b) The Common Ground Programs assist in all areas of food cultivation. (c) Common Ground Programs are ineffective in training gardeners. (d) Common Ground Programs are ineffective in combating nutrition deficiency. 34. dyslexia, the severe reading disability, can be described as a difficulty with letters and numbers, but at work ti can be hard to spot problems. Let's take Joseph Ferguson. After he got a promotion, which involved him in a lot more paperwork, he began struggling with his job. He got pulled aside regularly for making mistakes in his reports and forms. He even had to take some time off from his job because of stress, when he found himself failing to cope with the required paperwork. Q : What can be inferred about Joseph Ferguson from the passage? (a) He was diagnosed with dyslexia when young. (b) His difficulties stemmed from a reading disability (c) His skill in spotting others' mistakes was criticized. (d) He tendered his resignation because of dyslexia. 35. Transgenic animals are a powerful tool for studying gene function and testing drugs. Many human genetic diseases can be modeled by introducing the some mutation into a mouse or other animals. although similar genetic manipulations can be performed in tissue culture, better results are realized in animals. The proteins, hormones, neurotransmitters, and other components in animals with transgenes provide a more physiologically relevant picture. With the development of transgenic livestock and plants, new uses for this technology have become apparent, and some have potentially great economic and medical value. Q : Which is correct about transgenic animals according to the passage? (a) Tissue culture is superior to transgenic animals as it provides a less complete picture. (b) Human genetic disease can't be modeled in transgenic animals. (c) Intact organisms with transgenes provide better research results. (d) Not much is likely to come out of using transgenic animals in research. 36. We expect the Internet to be a nice, tidy library staffed by helpful reference librarians. Actually, it more resembles a giant refrigerator covered with old cartoons. Somewhere on that refrigerator, under the dry-cleaning receipts and photo Christmas cards of babies who are entering college is an important article. Not only is it important, it's from a peer-reviewed medical journal evaluating ultrasound as a valid follow-up diagnostic technique after an abnormal mommogram. It's that article that you need now. But after you type in "ultrasound," you have to sift through the "7,235 matches found" to get it. Q : What can be inferred from the passage? (a) Finding the article is like looking in an ultrasound haystack with 7,235 needles in it. (b) The internet is a well-organized and designed warehouse for resource materials. (c) The Internet is useful because search engines can't arrange its content well. (d) Librarians would be a great real time addition to the search engines. 37. People perceived as the most likely to succeed might also be the most likely to crumble under pressure. A new study finds that individuals with high working- memory capacity, which normally allows them to excel, do worse on simple exams. Those with less capacity score low, too, but they tend not to be affected by pressure. The pressure causes verbal worries, like 'Oh no, I can't screw up.' These thoughts reside in the memory. Negative thoughts take up space that would otherwise be pondering the task at hand. People with lower working-memory capacities are not using that capacity to begin wit, so they're not affected by pressure. Q : What can be inferred from the passage? (a) People should be tested for high working-memory capacity and then given difficult exams. (b) Low working memory capacity people are never affected by pressure. (c) High working memory capacity is both a blessing and a curse. (d) Smart people and high working memory capacity people are different. Part Ⅲ 38. It's a time-honored Halloween ritual: children getting dressed up as scary creatures and trick-or-treating. (a) On the night of October 31, the Celts celebrated Samhain, when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to earth. (b) But, unfortunately, parents feel they must protect their children from sinister strangers. (c) Each year, police and medical centers across the country follow another ritual. (d) Parents ask them to X-ray candies, even though hazardous objects are rarely found. 39. One-fourth of the doctors in North America, Britain and Australia are immigrants. (a) They also attended medical schools in those countries. (b) This has contributed to a "brain drain" that deprives poor countries of good medical care. (c) Three-quarters of the physicians who come to rich countries hail from less-developed ones grappling with AIDS and other health scourges. (d) They come to the U.S. and after completing their residencies, they leave the U.S. and practice medicine at home. 40. One of the aspects of dependency is that it is unconcerned with spiritual growth. (a) Dependent people are interested in their own nourishment, but no more. (b) They desire filling, and they desire to be happy. (c) They desire to grow, and are very willing to tolerate the unhappiness, the loneliness and suffering involved in growth. (d) Dependent people don't care about the spiritual growth of the other and they care only that the other is there to satisfy them.
